casualties fatalities humanitarian crises forced poverty homelessness orphaned infants marching battalions and tensions all because of one red flag armed conflict okay time to wave the white flag time to talk peace session one waving the white flag on armed conflicts [Music] [Applause] [Music] and the dialogue partners for this session are jane hull lute former deputy secretary of u.s department of homeland security [Music] yoshihide nakayama former state minister of defense japan [Music] marco mikkelsen the chairman of the foreign affairs committee of the estonian parliament [Music] shal mahmoud former deputy minister of interior afghanistan moderating this session is huion's managing editor palki sharma [Music] welcome to the first session i will start with jane and i think we can start by talking about the current war the war in ukraine that the whole world has been following almost three months now where do you think it's going and uh a question that is often asked is this that if vladimir putin started the war do you think uh president joe biden is making sure that it doesn't end with his policies and decisions thanks thanks very much for having me i i think any conversation that's entitled waving the white flag on conflict ought to begin by dispelling the myths that we have about violent conflict one of the biggest myths about war is that it somehow happens in the passive voice war breaks out war is not the weather and we act very often like it is oh it's going to rain a war is going to break out war is not the weather another myth is that poor people kill each other rich people will kill each other too another myth is that conflict might be religious or ethnic it tells us why people might be different it doesn't tell us anything about why they've decided to kill each other over those differences the war going on in ukraine didn't break out it was launched by vladimir putin with the aim of with his stated aims of erasing ukraine from the map he's not succeeding who is i don't know that anyone is succeeding at the moment i think the ukrainians are putting up a remarkable brave and determined defense of their country and i think as long as a single ukrainian draws breath that will continue to be the case and since we are focusing on the active voice uh who like i asked in the first question is making sure that this war does not see a conclusion yeah i think there are no straight lines in war we know who started this war none of us are very sure how it ends marco mckelson um who should take the onus of trying to ensure that this war ends uh and i could rephrase this question and say um who is profiting from this war uh the criticism has been that if uh this war was triggered by vladimir putin's desire to recreate the soviet union uh nato's expansionism also must take some part of the blame i uh i can say i know who will win this war the peace will win this war but uh ukrainians and ukraine and their territorial integrity and sovereignty will be preserved and totally uh anchored in the future world order otherwise if this world will end differently what i mentioned right now we all are going to be victims estonia as a small nation [Music] understand very well that peace can have two faces at least you started today our session telling that in may 1945 world war ii ended for our nation this wasn't the end of a war it was thought of occupation for more than 50 years and for estonia and other baltic states and number of other nations actually world war ii ended only at the end of uh soviet uh empire soviet union 1991. last occupational forces left estonia only in 1994 and this regard for us the lesson what we learned from this tragic history was that as a small nation we have to invest into cooperation with our nation who very much value ruled base world order that all the nations smaller beak are committed to what they have agreed upon internationally the level of united nations and or other organizations multilateralism is something what is our mantra of course and then you ask about nato i totally disagree with the view that nato there is existing some sort of nato expansionism nato can't expand if those people who would like to join this alliance of defensive alliance are not ready or not willing to join think about finland and sweden today who make historic step in their history asking their leaders to join this defense alliance and this is the case again and we see that why they do this they understand that only way to preserve peace stability for northern europe for very nation is to work closely together with other nations who very much share the same values and understanding what peace means and how to preserve peace well that's what politicians say it's about values there's a lot of politics as well you said that nato is an alliance against a threat i from what i understand the race on the ether of nato was to take on the soviet union or to check the the threat from the soviet union when the soviet union ceased to exist why did nato expand nato once again nato didn't expand because just uh this was something against somebody unfortunately as a journalist i worked in moscow in the mid 90s and i witnessed myself covering first chechen war that actually the end of soviet union didn't mean the end of colonial and imperial russia the threat was there threat was imminent from very beginning of those years actually and we felt as a neighbors and this is why we seeked the security and defense from allies who can keep this to us as a democratic small nation on a border with imperial russia and as long russia goes on with its colonial and imperial policy not only neighborhood is not safe and in peace but also entire world because this is what president putin is doing right now against ukraine this is war against the world order what we all would like to see be preserved how do you see the war in ukraine and i understand that your country and your party have been pushing for japan to drop its pacifist approach do you think arms are a guarantee against wars okay uh thank you before i'm beginning uh answering your question i'd like to say thank you mr ceo sudhir to inviting me far far away from japan paying air ticket and very comfortable hotel thank you but i'm very uncomfortable with this chair for the japanese people it's too you know high so make it lower next time and also my english skill is not so good uh i learned english by myself from how you return do movies called b value hitoscope one so my english is a little bit rough sometimes but i'm i'd like to say sorry at the beginning so uh and also i'd like to say uae citizens i really respect your attitude to your own president he just passed away i send my condolences his highness sheikh khalifa bin zayed al-nahyan he opened this country and as sadilson said his excellencies established a distinguished work we the japanese people really respect his dignity so thank you again and listening my beginning speech so i like to answer your question so the mr answered about the estonia vision but from far east how i can see the russians activity 1945 15th of august the war ends with the japan surrender and the emperor announced noise we surrender but just after the war ends the russia the former soviet union they invade and they took our northern territory island and this 70 years later now they still occupying our island and they upgrading lots of military facilities lots of nuclear submarines and they still doing real active uh military activities around my country and uh especially last year we had the election for our house of representatives but just right beginning of the week they exercising lots of you know very aggressive military activity just right in front of the pacific ocean of course russian people said and the politician says in japan there is a united states bases and they might have nuclear weapons and remember do you remember japanese people the us dropped atmig bombs in hiroshima and nagasaki how do i answer to the russians yes of course we never forget the atomic bombs but president obama came to my country hiroshima and he prayed for the victims of the war and we also went to honolulu hawaii because we fight against the united states and we bomb to the pal harbor of course this is a history and but please remember we the japan and the united states when we started the reconciliation this is the start and beginning beginning of the war time at the beginning of the war we already started to get know each other and now the 21st century we the japan and the united states is the most strong allies and the most troubled the most trustable friends i think all over the world and we are now challenging and tackling the difficulty issues in front of us and that we the japan tried to make a strong strengthening during the foib free open in the pacific and especially that we on exist in india india has of course a neutral policy but historically india also japan is a very good friend and we are you know the friends of quad so i hope uh the russians neighbor is not just a europeans the russian neighbor is also just far east japanese also have a lot of fear and threat watching through this conflict and the invasion on ukraine by the russians [Music] you
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